Author: Hansen K1 Reviewer: Ribbons R2 Measurement unit: kg ha-1 y-1; Measurement scale: plot; Equipment costs: €€; Running costs: €€; Installation effort: medium; Maintenance effort: low; Knowledge need: medium; Measurement mode: manual Soil leaching is the downward movement of dissolved mobile plant nutrients in the soil profile following percolating…
2.2.10 Soil water erosion
Authors: Almagro M1, Abrantes N2 Reviewers: Keizer JJ2 Measurement unit: Mg ha-1 y-1; Measurement scale: plot; Equipment costs: €€-€€€; Running costs: €€; Installation effort: medium; Maintenance effort: medium (frequent recording); Knowledge need: medium; Measurement mode: manual Soil erosion can be defined as a three-phase process that consists of (i)…
2.2.11 Biological nitrogen fixation
Authors: Van Langenhove L1, Vicca S1 Reviewers: Ribbons R2 Measurement unit: N ha-1 y-1; Measurement scale: plot; Equipment costs: none; Running costs: €€–€€€; Installation effort: medium; Maintenance effort: medium; Knowledge need: medium; Measurement mode: manual Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is the largest natural source of exogenous nitrogen (N) in…
2.3.1 Ecosystem CO2 and trace gas fluxes
Authors: Vicca S1, Stuart-Haëntjens E2, Althuizen IHJ3, Mand P4 Reviewers: Lee H5, Christansen CT5, De Boeck HJ1 Measurement unit: carbon per area and time; Measurement scale: plot; Equipment costs: €€–€€€; Running costs: €–€€; Installation effort: medium to high; Maintenance effort: low to high; Knowledge need: medium to high; Measurement…
2.3.2 Total belowground carbon flux
Author: Marshall J1 Reviewers: Vicca S2, Weigel R3 Measurement unit: g C m-2 y-1, Mg C ha-2 y-1; Measurement scale: plot; Installation costs: €€€; Running costs: €€€; Installation effort: high; Maintenance effort: medium; Knowledge need: high; Measurement mode: manual or data logger The total belowground carbon flux (TBCF) describes…
2.3.3 Upscaling from the plot scale to the ecosystem and beyond
Authors: Lee H1, Vicca S2, Stuart-Haëntjens E3, Mänd P4 Reviewer: Gough C3 Measurement unit: Mg C ha-1 yr-1 or Mg C ha-1; Measurement scale: point, plot, ecosystem; Installation costs: €–€€€; Running costs: Not applicable; Installation effort: medium; Maintenance effort: medium; Knowledge need: medium; Measurement mode: manual or data logger…
3.1 Soil moisture
Authors: Robinson DA1, Jones SB2 Reviewer: Reinsch, S1 Measurement unit: m3 m-3; Measurement scale: plot; Equipment costs: €€; Running cost: €; Installation effort: moderate; Maintenance effort: moderate; Knowledge need: moderate; Measurement mode: data logger Soil moisture is the amount of water in the soil (Robinson et al., 2008; Vereecken…
3.2 Soil hydraulic conductivity
Authors: Robinson DA1 and Marshall M1 Reviewers: Jones SB2 Measurement unit: cm day-1; Measurement scale: plot; Equipment costs: €€; Running costs: €; Installation effort: low; Maintenance effort: low; Knowledge need: moderate; Measurement mode: manual Soil hydraulic conductivity depends on soil structure and water content. Hydraulic conductivity controls the water-flow…
3.3 Soil water retention
Authors: Robinson DA1 and Marshall M.1 Reviewers: Jones SB2, Reinsch S1 Measurement unit: volumetric water content (m3 m-3) v. soil matric potential (kPa); Measurement scale: plot; Equipment costs: €€€; Running costs: €; Installation effort: medium; Maintenance effort: medium; Knowledge need: moderate; Measurement mode: manual Drought and flooding, as well…
3.4 Soil water potential
Author: van der Ploeg M1 Reviewer: Robinson DA2 Measurement unit: soil water potential – total soil water potential: m in J kg–1 (energy per unit mass), y in N m–2 (energy per unit volume) or h in m (energy per unit weight) v. volumetric water content (m3 m-3). Although…